How a disc harrow works

Disc harrow is one of the more important soil preparation machinery in soil preparation machinery. It is also sometimes used for "rake tillage" in order to deprive farming time and maintain soil moisture. The good working state of the disc harrow is directly related to the quality of the work. To this end, it is necessary to understand the working principle, use and maintenance of the harrow. Then, let's learn about the working principle of the disc harrow!

1. The structure of the disc harrow

The types of disc harrows are divided into three types: large, medium and light according to the machine weight and harrow diameter. According to the connection method of the unit, they are divided into three types: traction type, suspended type and semi-suspended type. Two types of placement. The disc harrow is generally composed of a harrow group, a harrow table, an angle adjuster, a traction or suspension device, etc. The traction harrow is also equipped with a transport vehicle. A rake is a spherical disc.

In operation, the plane of rotation of the disc harrow is perpendicular to the ground and at an angle to the direction of travel. During work, each rake blade of the harrow group rolls forward together with the square shaft in the whole group. Under the action of suction gravity, the suction blade cuts into the soil, cuts grass roots or crop stubble, and makes the chopped clods rise and fall slightly along the concave surface of the suction blade, which has a certain effect of turning stubble. The depth of the rake teeth is related to the mechanical weight and the disc declination angle. The increase of the declination angle will increase the depth of the rake teeth into the soil and improve the effect of crushing and covering soil.

There are generally three basic methods for raking suction work: horizontal raking, horizontal raking and inclined raking. When raking the ground, the forward direction of the raking field is the same as the direction of the ploughing bar. On the soft soil, when the tip of the soil is damaged to a certain extent, it has a good effect. Otherwise, it will be difficult to level the furrow. When raking suction, the direction of raking suction is perpendicular to the plough bar, and the effect of cutting soil, breaking soil and leveling soil is good, but the mechanical shaking is strong and the resistance is large. In the case of an inclined harrow, the direction of the harrow is at an angle of 45 to the direction of the bar. The inclined rake, also known as the diagonal raking suction method, is a good method for digging and breaking the soil, the machine runs smoothly, and the raking suction is good.

2. Use a disc harrow

1) When the hanging disc harrow unit is working, the hydraulic system of the tractor is mostly placed in the floating position. The left and right chain blocks of the tractor suspension mechanism should be released.

2) During mechanical operation and transportation, it is strictly forbidden to stand on the rake platform and stack heavy objects. When a fault is found, the vehicle is stopped, and when driving is prohibited, the weeds and mud on the machine can be removed directly by hand or foot.

3) In the new wasteland, paddy field or saline-alkali land with thick grass layer and sticky soil, heavy incision should be used for leveling, and the ridge incision should be separated from the grass layer to facilitate leveling. For the soil with sticky soil, a heavier disc harrow can be used, and a lighter disc harrow should be used to prevent the rake body from rebounding and affecting the depth of the soil. Cultivated soil with soft ground, usually with a lightweight disc harrow. The stubble after the previous crop can be harvested with a light double-row disc harrow or a large notch harrow.

4) The disc harrow should check the bearing temperature and the installation and tightening of each part of the nut locking piece every 2 to 3 hours. Please refuel the bearing every 4~5 hours. When the soil is thick after rain or irrigation, if the gap between the scraper and the rake blade is too large, the rake will become blocked, please remove it immediately. Otherwise the depth of the rake will not be enough.

5) During transportation, the angle of the rake bucket is adjusted to zero degrees to remove the heavy objects on the weighted box. Light-duty rakes should be equipped with walking wheels to keep the rakes off the ground to avoid damaging the road surface or damaging the rakes; large rakes should be adjusted so that the wheels are in the transport state.

6) When parking, the double-acting cylinder, hose and quick self-sealing plug are all dismantled for maintenance, and the damaged items are replaced in time, and stored in a clean and dry place indoors; use wooden boards to form a rake group, apply oil to the rake blades to prevent rust, and park in the indoor.

3. Technical status check

1) For the rake blades of the same rake group, the edge landing points should be on the same straight line, and the deviation should be less than 5 mm. The edges shall be parallel to each other, and the maximum non-parallelism shall not exceed 10mm. The distance between the discs is equal, and the deviation shall not be greater than 8mm.

2) Sharp and non-deformed edge, the edge thickness is less than 0.4 mm, the edge bevel length is 8 ~ 10 mm, and the edge angle is 15 ~ 20. When there is a defect on the edge, the depth of the defect shall not be less than 15 mm, the length of the defect shall not be greater than 15 mm, and each rake defect shall not be less than 3 places.

3) The moldboard is installed above the concave surface of the disc and fixed on the rake table with nuts. The position of the particle board can be adjusted to have an appropriate gap with the disc, generally the upper gap is 10 ~ 25 mm, and the lower gap is 3 ~ 10 mm.

4) The disc harrow group should rotate freely, the blades should not swing on the shaft, and the square shaft should be honest. The rake should not be deformed or welded. Each connecting screw should be tightened firmly, and the grease nipple should be intact.